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小学儿童两维空间方位传递性推理能力的发展
Development of the two-dimensional spatial transitive reasoning ability of primary school children
查看参考文献8篇
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文摘
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研究了小学儿童两维空间方位传递性推理能力的发展水平及认知策略，同时，对心理模型理论进行了检验。被试为城市中等小学7岁、9岁、11岁儿童各24名，男女各半。单模型和双模型两种实验任务均为四前提。采用个别实验，儿童在前提呈现的情况下进行推理。主要研究结果：(1)7岁儿童开始萌发了两维空间方位传递性推理能力，9岁儿童和11岁儿童的推理能力处于发展和提高过程中；(2）随着年龄增长，使用模型建构策略解决问题的儿童人次越来越多，绝大部分11岁儿童都能使用这一策略进行推理。但即使儿童使用了模型建构策略，他们的推理成绩也没有反映出模型数量所造成的任务难度差异，即不符合心理模型理论关于模型数量的主要预期；(3）即使儿童能自发生成模型建构策略，儿童在两维空间方位传递性推理中使用这一策略的有效性程度并不高。 |
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其他语种文摘
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The purpose of the study was to investigate the development of elementary schoolers in two- dimensional spatial tran-sitive inference and analyze the strategies children used during reasoning. At the same time, the mental model theory wasexamined. The participants were 72 children randomly selected from one middle-level primary school including threeaged 7，9 and llwith half boys and half girls in each group. The tests were carried out individually. Theof the study was characterized by qualitative and quantitative analyses. The results showed that;（1）Chil-dren's ability of the two-dimensional spatial transitive reasoning increased significantly. The 7-year-olds had begun to bour-geon this kind of reasoning ability，and the 9- and 11-year-olds were in the process of increasing fast; (2) More and morechildren used the model constructing strategy to resolve problems with age. Most of the 11-year-olds were able to use it. E-ven if children had used the model constructing strategy，the difference among task difficulty caused by the number ofwasnt reflected by their reasoning performance；（3）Even if children had used the model constructing strategy, theability of using this strategy effectively was not high. |
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来源
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心理学报
,2004,36(2):174-178 【核心库】
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关键词
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小学儿童
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地址
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中国科学院心理研究所, 北京, 100101
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语种
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中文 |
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ISSN
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0439-755X |
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学科
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社会科学总论 |
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基金
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国家攀登计划项目
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国家攀登计划项目
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国家自然科学基金
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文献收藏号
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CSCD:1618176
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参考文献 共
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